Iceland The Republic of Iceland ( /ˈaɪslənd/ ) (Icelandic: Ísland or Lýðveldið Ísland (names of Iceland); IPA: [ˈislant]), is an island country located in the North Atlantic Ocean. It has a population of about 320,000 and a total area of 103,000 km². Its capital and largest city is Reykjavík has had a notable cinema Film encompasses individual motion pictures, the field of film as an art form, and the motion picture industry. Films are produced by recording images from the world with cameras, or by creating images using animation techniques or special effects industry for some time. Major actors include Ingvar E. Sigurðsson and Hilmir Snær Guðnason. Famous films include the comedy Comedy film is a genre of film in which the main emphasis is on humor. Also, films in this style typically have a happy ending . One of the oldest genres in film, some of the very first silent movies were comedies. Comedy, unlike other film genres, puts much more focus on individual stars, with many former stand-up comic transitioning to the film 101 Reykjavík, which was released in 2000 Please note that following the tradition of the English-language film industry, these are the top grossing films that were first released in the United States and Canada in 2000. The top ten films of 2000, by worldwide gross in $USD, as well as the US & Canada, UK, and Australia grosses, are as follows: and directed by Baltasar Kormákur. The film starred such actors as Victoria Abril Victoria Abril is a Spanish film actress. She is most known to international audiences for her performance in the movie ¡Átame! (Tie Me Up! Tie Me Down!) by director Pedro Almodóvar and Hilmir Snær Guðnason.

Famous Icelandic director Baltasar Kormákur also directed Hafið and A Little Trip to Heaven.

Contents

Films

Main article: List of Icelandic films

Actors

Directors

Icelandic film director Baltasar Kormákur

Film Music

Iceland The Republic of Iceland ( /ˈaɪslənd/ ) (Icelandic: Ísland or Lýðveldið Ísland (names of Iceland); IPA: [ˈislant]), is an island country located in the North Atlantic Ocean. It has a population of about 320,000 and a total area of 103,000 km². Its capital and largest city is Reykjavík topics - 1. deild karla - 4 From the Village - 12 Tónar - 24 stundir - 59 Times the Pain - 66°North - 101 Reykjavík - 365 - 1924-28 Nordic Football Championship - 1929-32 Nordic Football Championship - 1933-36 Nordic Football Championship - 1937-47 Nordic Football Championship - 1949 anti-NATO riot in Iceland - 1995 World Men's Handball Championship -
History Iceland is, in geological terms, a young island. It started to form about 20 million years ago from a series of volcanic eruptions on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The Iceland hotspot is likely partly responsible for the island's creation and continued existence Timeline · Settlement The settlement of Iceland began in the second half of the 9th century AD, when Norse settlers migrated across the North Atlantic. Their reasons for migrating may be traced to a shortage of arable land in Scandinavia, and civil strife brought about by the ambitions of the Norse king Harald the Fair-haired. Unlike Britain and Ireland, Iceland was · Icelandic Commonwealth The Icelandic Commonwealth or the Icelandic Free State was the state existing in Iceland between the establishment of the Althing in 930 and the pledge of fealty to the Norwegian king in 1262. It was initially established by a public consisting largely of recent immigrants from Norway who had fled the unification of that country under King Harald · Christianisation · Age of the Sturlungs The Age of the Sturlungs or the Sturlung Era was a 42-44 year period of internal strife in mid 13th century Iceland. It may also have been the bloodiest and most violent period in Icelandic history. It is documented in the Sturlunga saga · Independence · Cod Wars The Cod Wars, also called the Iceland Cod Wars , were a series of confrontations in the 1950s and 1970s between the United Kingdom and Iceland regarding fishing rights in the North Atlantic. The name of the conflict may be derived from a pun on the term "Cold War", possibly via the British tabloid press.[citation needed] · Prohibition in Iceland · Military history of Iceland
Geography Iceland is the second-largest island in Europe. The island is located east of Greenland and immediately south of the Arctic Circle, atop the divergent boundary of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge in the North Atlantic Ocean. It lies about 4,200 km from New York City and 830 km (520 mi.) from Scotland Climate · Geology · Glaciers · Volcanoes · Waterfalls Iceland is unusually suited for waterfalls. This small island country has a north Atlantic climate that produces frequent rain or snow and a near-Arctic location that produces large glaciers, whose summer melts feed many rivers. As a result, it is home to a number of large and powerful waterfalls, including: · Lakes · Rivers
Government, politics and law Following the Gamli sáttmáli, existing laws were compiled in the Jónsbók by Jón Einarsson . The Althing was suspended in 1799, and re-established in 1845 as an advisory body of the Danish king Parliament (Alþing) The Alþingi, Anglicized variously as Althing or Althingi, is the national parliament—literally, " all-thing"—of Iceland. It was founded in 930 at Þingvellir, (the "assembly fields" or "Parliament Plains"), situated approximately 45 km east of what would later become the country's capital, Reykjavík, and this · President The President of Iceland is Iceland's elected head of state. The president is elected to a four-year term by universal adult suffrage and has limited powers. The president is not the head of government; the Prime Minister of Iceland is the head of government. There have been five presidents since Iceland gained independence from Denmark in 1944 · Prime Minister · Ombudsman The post of Ombudsman was established in Iceland in 1987 by the decree of law 13/1987. In 1997 its influence was increased, now also covering local governments, by the decree of law 85/1997 · Cabinet · Constitution · Elections Iceland elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president - is elected for a four year term by the people. The General Assembly has 63 members, elected for a four year term by proportional representation. Iceland has a multi-party system, with numerous parties in which no one party often has a chance of (electoral divisions Iceland's 23 counties are for the most part historical divisions. Currently, Iceland is split up among 26 magistrates that represent government in various capacities. Among their duties are local police tax collection, declaring bankruptcy and marrying people outside of the church) · Political parties · Supreme Court The Supreme Court of Iceland holds the highest judicial power in Iceland. The Court was founded under Act No. 22/1919 and held its first session on 16 February 1920 · Nationality law · Iceland and the EU · LGBT rights
Economy The economy of Iceland is small and subject to high volatility. In 2007, gross domestic product was US $ $12.144bn in total and $38,400 per capita, based on purchasing power parity estimates. The financial crisis of 2007–2009 has produced a decline in GDP and employment, although the magnitude of this decline remains to be determined Stock Exchange Iceland Stock Exchange or ICEX was established in 1985 as a joint venture of several banks and brokerage firms on the initiative of the central bank. Trading began in 1986 in Icelandic government bonds, and trading in equities began in 1990. Equities trading increased rapidly thereafter. A wide variety of firms are currently listed on the exchange, · Icelandic króna The króna (sign: kr; code: ISK) is the currency of Iceland. The króna is technically subdivided into 100 aurar (singular eyrir), but in practice this subdivision is no longer used · Banking (list of banks) · Taxation Taxation in Iceland follows a system of flat tax, that is to say there is a constant tax rate. The main personal income tax rate is a flat 22.75 percent and combined with municipal taxes the total tax rate is not more than 35.72%, and there are many deductions. The corporate tax rate is a flat 18 percent, one of the lowest in the world. Other · Communications · Tourism · Transport (public) · 2008–2009 financial crisis · Banana production in Iceland Although Iceland is reliant upon fishing and aluminum production as the mainstays of its economy, it is also known for banana production. However, this does not occur on a commercial scale, but was an experiment to show that water from the hot geysers could provide a localised climate sufficient for this. The total area used for banana production
Military The Republic of Iceland, a NATO member, maintains no standing army. There is however no legal impediment to forming one, and Iceland does have limited military forces with the Coast Guard and Crisis Response Unit. Iceland maintains a well trained Coast Guard, National Police forces, Air Defence system as well as a voluntary expeditionary Iceland Air Defence System · Icelandic Coast Guard · Icelandic Crisis Response Unit The Iceland Crisis Response Unit or Íslenska Friðargæslan, is a 200-person military unit operated by the Icelandic Ministry of Foreign Affairs. It is primarily designated for peacekeeping operations and was established in the 1990s to improve the status of Iceland within NATO as it lacked sufficient armed forces to support NATO peacekeeping · Víkingasveitin
Demographics Language Icelandic ( íslenska ) is a North Germanic language, the language of Iceland. Its closest relatives are Faroese and certain Norwegian dialects such as Telemark dialect and Sognamål · Administrative divisions Iceland's 23 counties are for the most part historical divisions. Currently, Iceland is split up among 26 magistrates that represent government in various capacities. Among their duties are local police tax collection, declaring bankruptcy and marrying people outside of the church (Austurland Austurland is a region in eastern Iceland. Its area is 22,721km² and its population (2007) is 15,300. The biggest town in the region is Egilsstaðir, with a population of 2300 · Höfuðborgarsvæði The Greater Reykjavík area is the metropolitan area of the Icelandic capital Reykjavík, with a population of 202,000 inhabitants, about 64% of Iceland's population. Reykjavík and its neighbouring municipalities are: · Norðurland eystra · Norðurland vestra · Suðurland · Suðurnes Suðurnes is a region in southwest Iceland. The region has a population of more than 20,000 and is one of the more densely populated parts of the island. The admistrative centre is Keflavík, which had 7000 residents and merged with the nearby town of Njarðvík several years ago to create a population of over 10 000, making it the second largest · Vestfirðir The Westfjords or West Fjords is the name for the large peninsula in northwestern Iceland. It is connected to the rest of Iceland by a 7 km wide isthmus between Gilsfjörður and Bitrufjörður. The Westfjords are very mountainous; the coastline is heavily indented by dozens of fjords surrounded by steep hills. The cliffs at Látrabjarg comprise · Vesturland)
Culture National Costume · Architecture · Art Icelandic visual art has been built on northern European traditions of the nineteenth century, but developed in distinct directions in the twentieth century, influenced in particular by the unique Icelandic landscape as well as by Icelandic mythology and culture · Cinema · Cuisine · Education · Football · Literature Icelandic literature refers to literature written in Iceland or by Icelandic people. It is best known for the sagas written in medieval times. As Icelandic and Old Norse are almost the same, and because Icelandic works constitute most of Old Norse literature, Old Norse literature is often wrongly considered a subset of Icelandic literature. But · Media · Music · Public holidays · Religion Religion in Iceland was initially the Norse paganism that was commonly believed by Vikings . Later, the nation became half-Christian and then more fully Christian. This increasing Christianization culminated in the Pietism period when non-Christian entertainments were discouraged. At present, the population is overwhelmingly, if nominally, · Sport · Television · Whaling · Beer Day (Iceland)
Symbols Flag · Coat of arms · National anthem (Lofsöngur) · The Lady of the Mountain (Fjallkonan) The "Lady of the Mountain" is the female incarnation (national personification) of Iceland. While she symbolised what Icelanders considered to be genuine and purely Icelandic, in her purity she reflected a deep-seated, but unattainable, wish of Icelanders to be a totally independent nation. Fjallkonan is thus not only a national symbol,
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Cinema of Iceland

Actors • Directors • Films A-Z • Chronology of films • Cinematographers • Composers • Editors • Producers • Screenwriters • Edda Award
World cinema World cinema is a term used primarily in English language speaking countries to refer to the films and film industries of non-English speaking countries. It is therefore often used interchangeably with the term Foreign film. However, both World cinema and Foreign film could be taken to refer to the films of all countries other than one's own,
Africa The term African cinema refers to film production in Africa, most often referring to countries in Sub-Saharan Africa[citation needed] following formal independence, which for many countries happened in the 1960s. Some of the countries in North Africa had developed a national film industry much earlier and are related to West Asian cinema. Often,

Burkina Faso Many films shot in Burkina Faso by local directors have found distribution in Francophone Europe and several have received assistance from the French Ministry of Co-operation. However, while these films have won awards in Europe and are regularly featured in African Studies courses, in Africa itself they are little known outside of academic · Egypt Egyptian cinema is Egypt's flourishing Egyptian Arabic-language film industry based in Cairo. Since 1976, Cairo has held the annual Cairo International Film Festival, which has been accredited by the International Federation of Film Producers Associations. There's also another festival held in Alexandria. Of the more than 4,000 short- and feature- · Kenya Cinema of Kenya refers to the film industry of Kenya. Although a very small industry in western comparison, Kenya has produced or been a location for film since the early 1950s when Men Against the Sun was filmed in 1952. Although, in Hollywood, jungle epics that were set in the country were shot in Hollywood as early as the 1940s · Morocco Morocco knew cinema since 1897 through the filming of "Le chevrier Marocain" by Louis Lumière. Between that time and 1944, many foreign movies were shot in Morocco, especially in the Ouarzazate area. The following are the key dates in Moroccan cinema: · Niger Cinema in Niger grew from ethnographic documentaries in the colonial period to become one of the most active national film cultures in Francophone Africa. Filmmakers such as Oumarou Ganda, Moustapha Alassane, Mahamane Bakabé, Inoussa Ousseini and Moustapha Diop have had their work featured around the world. The Niamey African Film Meeting is one · Nigeria The cinema of Nigeria is a nascent film industry in Nigeria, growing up within the last two decades to become the second largest film industry on the planet, in terms of number of films produced per year. This is ahead of the United States and behind the Indian film industries. According to Hala Gorani and Jeff Koinange formerly of CNN, Nigeria · Senegal The first Senegalese film, Paulin Vieyra’s L’Afrique sur Seine, was produced in 1955. Vieyra would follow up with further short films L’Afrique à Moscou , Le Niger aujourd’hui (1958), Les présidents Senghor et Modibo Keita, Avec les Africaines à Vienne and "Présence Africaine" à Rome (1959) and Indépendance du Cameroun, · Somalia Cinema of Somalia refers to the film industry in Somalia, a country in the Horn of Africa · South Africa Burkina Faso · Egypt · Kenya · Morocco · Niger · Nigeria · Senegal · Somalia · South Africa
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