The birth of Cinema of Lithuania dates back to 1909[1]. The first short films in 1909 where shot by Antanas Račiūnas who filmed the sights of his native village and Vladislav Starevich who made a short film Prie Nemuno (By the Nieman River, 1909)[2] The first Lithuanian newsreel screened in cinemas in 1921 was made by Feognijus Dunajevas.
The first film production companies and first films schools were founded in 1926. In 1927 a short film Rūpestingas tėvas was produced by Lietfilm. Lithuania's most important film directors A film director is a person who directs the actors and crew in the making of a film. He or she controls a film's artistic and dramatic aspects, while guiding the technical crew and actors during the era were Jurgis Linartas and Vladas Stipaitis. The Soldier Lithuania's Defender (1928) and a feature film In the film industry, a feature film is a film made for initial distribution in theaters and being the "main attraction" of the screening . The term is also used for feature length, direct-to-video and television movie productions Onytė ir Jonelis (1931) produced by a film company Akis, are the most notable films of the era.
After the Soviet takeover in 1940 the Lithuanian Republican Newsreel Studio was founded, in 1962 it was renamed the Lithuanian Film Studio.
The first Soviet era feature film "Marytė" using Lithuanian composer and actors was produced by Mosfilm. Until 1956 all Lithuanian feature films were made in cooperation with other motion-picture studios in Soviet Union focusing on Communist themes.
After the death of Stalin in 1953 a more liberal period in Soviet Union's cultural policies followed. Filmmakers started to enjoy greater artistic control at the same time the Soviet State Committee for Cinematography (Goskino Goskino is the abbreviated name for the USSR State Committee for Cinematography (Государственный комитет по кинематографии СССР) in the Soviet Union and the State Committee of Russian Federation for Cinematography (Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по к) in Moscow provided the money, state censorship body Glavlit and CPSU The Communist Party of the Soviet Union was the only legal, ruling political party in the Soviet Union and one of the largest communist organizations in the world. It lost its dominance in the wake of the failed August 1991 coup d'état attempt led by communist hardliners Department of Culture had the control over releasing the movies.[1]
In 1957 the post Stalinist era Lithuanian feature film Žydrasis horizontas (The Blue Horizon) was directed by Vytautas Mikalauskas.
In the late 1980s an independent Lithuanian national cinema industry was reborn during Persestroika social and political reforms in the Soviet Union. The first independent film production studio Kinema was founded by the director Šarūnas Bartas in 1987. Another notable documentary filmmaker emerged during the era is Arūnas Matelis.
After Lithuania regained independence on March 11 March 11 is the 70th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 295 days remaining until the end of the year, 1990 1990 was a common year that started on a Monday. In the Gregorian calendar, it was the 1990th year of the Common Era, or of Anno Domini; the 990th year of the 2nd millennium; the 90th year of the 20th century; and the 1st of the 1990s the state funding of filmmaking drastically decreased and smaller studios emerged instead. During the era about 10 documentaries and 2 feature films have been made yearly. The most notable directors have been Vytautas Žalakevičius, the director of Žvėris išeinantis is jūros (The Beast Emerging from the Sea) (1992) , and Algimantas Puipa the winner of the Ecumenical Jury Prize at Lübeck Nordic Film Days and the winner of the Grand Jury Prize at the Rouen Nordic Film Festival for Vilko dantų karoliai (A Wolf Teeth Necklace) (1997).
The most internationally known film director of Lithuanian descent born in Chicago Chicago ( /ʃɨˈkɑːɡoʊ/ or /ʃɨˈkɔːɡoʊ/) is the largest city in both Illinois and the Midwest, and the third most populous city in the United States, with over 2.8 million living within the city limits. Its metropolitan area, commonly named "Chicagoland", is the 26th most populous in the world, home to an estimated 9.7 million, Illinois United States migrant settlers began arriving from Kentucky in the 1810s; Illinois achieved statehood in 1818. The future metropolis of Chicago was founded in the 1830s on the banks of the Chicago River, one of the few natural harbors on southern Lake Michigan. Railroads and John Deere's invention of the self-scouring steel plow made central, USA ^ b. English is the de facto language of American government and the sole language spoken at home by 80% of Americans age five and older. Spanish is the second most commonly spoken language is Robert Zemeckis Robert Lee Zemeckis is an American film director, producer and screenwriter. Zemeckis first came to public attention in the 1980s as the director of the comedic time-travel Back to the Future movie series, as well as the Oscar-winning live-action/cartoon epic, Who Framed Roger Rabbit (1988), though in the 1990s he diversified into more dramatic[3]
Actors
Directors
Acclaimed Lithuanian films
See also
External links
References
- ^ a b Culture And Customs of the Baltic States By Kevin O'Connor
- ^ DATA CONCERNING THE HISTORY OF LITHUANIAN CINEMA
- ^ Robert Zemeckis @ enertainmentmagazine
| World cinema World cinema is a term used primarily in English language speaking countries to refer to the films and film industries of non-English speaking countries. It is therefore often used interchangeably with the term foreign film. However, both world cinema and foreign film could be taken to refer to the films of all countries other than one's own, |
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| Africa The term African cinema refers to film production in Africa, following formal independence, which for many countries happened in the 1960s. Some of the countries in North Africa had developed a national film industry much earlier and are related to West Asian cinema. Often, African Cinema also includes directors from among the African diaspora |
Burkina Faso The Cinema of Burkina Faso is one of the more significant in Africa , with a history that spans several decades and includes the production of many award-winning films · Egypt Egyptian cinema is Egypt's flourishing Egyptian Arabic-language film industry based in Cairo. Since 1976, Cairo has held the annual Cairo International Film Festival, which has been accredited by the International Federation of Film Producers Associations. There is also another festival held in Alexandria. Of the more than 4,000 short- and feature- · Kenya Cinema of Kenya refers to the film industry of Kenya. Although a very small industry in western comparison, Kenya has produced or been a location for film since the early 1950s when Men Against the Sun was filmed in 1952. Although, in Hollywood, jungle epics that were set in the country were shot in Hollywood as early as the 1940s · Morocco Morocco knew cinema since 1897 through the filming of "Le chevrier Marocain" by Louis Lumière. Between that time and 1944, many foreign movies were shot in Morocco, especially in the Ouarzazate area. The following are the key dates in Moroccan cinema: · Niger Cinema in Niger grew from ethnographic documentaries in the colonial period to become one of the most active national film cultures in Francophone Africa. Filmmakers such as Oumarou Ganda, Moustapha Alassane, Mahamane Bakabé, Inoussa Ousseini and Moustapha Diop have had their work featured around the world. The Niamey African Film Meeting is one · Nigeria The cinema of Nigeria is a nascent film industry in Nigeria, growing quickly in the 1990s and 2000s to become the second largest film industry in the world in terms of number of films produced per year, ahead of the United States but behind the Indian film industries. According to Hala Gorani and Jeff Koinange formerly of CNN, Nigeria has a US$250 · Senegal The Cinema of Senegal is a relatively small film industry which experienced its prime from the 1960s through to the early 1980s, but has since declined to less than five feature films produced in the last ten years · Somalia Cinema of Somalia refers to the film industry in Somalia, a country in the Horn of Africa · South Africa Burkina Faso · Egypt · Kenya · Morocco · Niger · Nigeria · Senegal · Somalia · South Africa · Tunisia
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| Americas Burkina Faso · Egypt · Kenya · Morocco · Niger · Nigeria · Senegal · Somalia · South Africa · Tunisia |
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Latin America Latin American cinema refers collectively to the film output and film industries of Latin America. Latin American film is both rich and diverse. But the main centers of production have been Mexico, Argentina, Brazil, and Cuba
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Argentina The Cinema of Argentina has a long tradition dating back to the late nineteenth century, and has played an important role in the Culture of Argentina for more than a century · Brazil A couple of months after the Lumière brothers' invention, a film exhibition is held in Rio de Janeiro. As early as 1898, the Italian Alfonso Segreto supposedly filmed the Guanabara Bay from the ship Brésil on a return journey from Europe, though some researchers question the veracity of this event as no copy of the film remains. He would go on · Chile The cinema of Chile began when the earliest films were made there in the first decade of the twentieth century. Nevertheless, it was not until the 1970s when the cinematic culture there developed, with the foundation of a national cinema and a department of experimental film at the University of Chile, which taught the Dutch film of Joris Ivens · Colombia The history of Colombian cinema started in 1897 when the first Cinématographe arrived in the country, two years after the invention of cinematography by Auguste and Louis Lumière in Paris. Back then the port city of Colón , Barranquilla, Bucaramanga and later arrived to the capital Bogotá where in August of that same year the cinématographe · Cuba Although cinema arrived at Cuba at the beginning of the 20th century and the island arrived early to the television phenomena and cinematographic production, only around 80 full-length films were produced before the Cuban Revolution of 1959, most of these films were melodramas. Following the revolution, Cuba entered what is considered the " · Mexico The history of Mexican cinema goes back to the beginning of the 20th century, when several enthusiasts of the new medium documented historical events – most particularly the Mexican Revolution – and produced some movies that have only recently been rediscovered · Paraguay The Cinema of Paraguay is small compared to that of neighbouring Argentina and Brazil. However, this has begun to change in recent years with films like El Toque del Oboe , María Escobar (2002), O Amigo Dunor (2005) which competed for Best Movie in the Rotterdam International Film Festival and Hamaca Paraguaya (2006) which was screened at the · Peru While the Peruvian film industry has not been nearly as prolific as that of some other Latin American countries, such as Mexico or Argentina, some Peruvian movies produced with the cooperation of Mexican talent in the 1960s and 1970s, such as Bromas S.A., enjoyed regional success. More recently some bestselling novels by Peruvian author and talk · Puerto Rico The history of film in Puerto Rico begins with the US invasion of the island in 1898. At that time, the American soldiers brought cameras to record what they saw. It wasn't until the 1912 that Puerto Ricans would begin to produce their own films · Uruguay The Cinema of Uruguay has a role in the Culture of Uruguay. The industry has many actors and directors that made the Uruguayan cinema a part of Latin American cinema
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Northern America The term North American cinema is generally used to refer collectively to the film industries of the United States and Canada. The term is cultural rather than geographic; the film industries of Mexico and Cuba are normally considered part of Latin American cinema
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Canada Canadian cinema refers to filmmakers and the filmmaking industries in Canada. Canada is home to several film industry centres: primarily Montreal, Toronto, and Vancouver. Industries and communities tend to be regional and niche in nature. Approximately 970 Anglophone-Canadian feature-length films have been produced, or partially produced by the (Quebec The history of cinema in Quebec started on June 27, 1896 when the French Louis Minier inaugurated the first movie projection in North America in a Montreal theatre room. However, it would have to wait until the 1960s before a genuine Quebec cinema industry would emerge) · United States The cinema of the United States has had a profound effect on cinema across the world since the early 20th century. Its history is sometimes separated into four main periods: the silent film era, classical Hollywood cinema, New Hollywood, and the contemporary period . Since the 1920s, the American film industry has grossed more money every year
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| Asia Asian cinema refers to the film industries and films produced in the continent of Asia, and is also sometimes known as Eastern cinema. More commonly however, it is used to refer to the cinema of Eastern, Southeastern and Southern Asia. West Asian cinema is sometimes classified as part of Middle Eastern cinema rather than Asian cinema, though Iran |
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East Asia East Asian cinema is a term used to refer to the film industry and films produced in and/or by natives of East Asia. It can be seen as a sub-section of Asian cinema, which in turn is a sub-section of world cinema, a catchall term used in the English-speaking world to refer to all foreign language films
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China The Chinese-language cinema has three distinct historical threads: Cinema of Hong Kong, Cinema of China, and Cinema of Taiwan. After 1949 and until recent times, the cinema of mainland China operated under restrictions imposed by the Communist Party of China. Some films with political overtones are still censored or banned in China itself. However, · Hong Kong The cinema of Hong Kong is one of the three major threads in the history of Chinese language cinema, alongside the cinema of China, and the cinema of Taiwan. As a former British colony, Hong Kong had a greater degree of political and economic freedom than mainland China and Taiwan, and developed into a filmmaking hub for the Chinese-speaking world · Japan The cinema of Japan has a history that spans more than 100 years. Japan has one of the oldest and largest film industries in the world – currently the third largest by number of feature films produced. Movies have been produced in Japan since 1897, when the first foreign cameramen arrived · Korea Korean cinema encompasses the motion picture industries of North Korea and South Korea. As with all aspects of Korean life during the past century, the film industry has often been at the mercy of political events, from Japanese occupation to the Korean War to domestic governmental interference. While both countries have relatively robust film · Mongolia It is assumed that the first cinematographic performances in Mongolia happened between 1903 and 1913, as private events for the prince Sain Noyon Khan Shirindambyn Namnansuren and the Jebtsundamba in the capital Urga · Taiwan The history of Chinese-language cinema has three separate threads of development: Cinema of Hong Kong, Cinema of Mainland China and Cinema of Taiwan. Taiwanese cinema grew up outside of the Hong Kong mainstream and the censorship of the People's Republic of China
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South Asia South Asian cinema refers to the cinema of India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Afghanistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan and the Maldives. The region of South Asia bears close cultural and religious ties with the regions of East Asia and South East Asia
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Afghanistan Cinema entered Afghanistan at the beginning of 20th century. The political changes of Afghanistan has not allowed the cinema of the country to grow over the years. However, numerous Pashto and Persian films have been made both inside and outside Afghanistan throughout the 20th century. Cinema of Afghanistan entered a new phase since 2001. Several · Bangladesh (Bengal) · India (Andhra Pradesh · Assam · Bollywood · Karnataka · Kerala · Marathi · Orissa · Punjab · Tamil Nadu · West Bengal) · Nepal · Pakistan (Karachi · Lahore · Peshawar) · Sri Lanka · Sri Lankan Tamil Cinema
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Southeast Asia
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Burma · Cambodia · Indonesia · Malaysia · Philippines · Singapore · Thailand · Vietnam
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West Asia
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Armenia · Azerbaijan · Cyprus · Georgia · Iran · Iraq · Israel · Lebanon · Palestine · Saudi Arabia · Syria · Tajikistan · Turkey · U.A.E.
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| Europe |
Albania · Austria · Belgium · Bulgaria · Croatia · Czech Republic · Denmark · Estonia · Faroe Islands · Finland · France · Germany · Greece · Hungary · Iceland · Ireland · Italy · Latvia · Lithuania · Luxembourg · Macedonia · Moldova · Montenegro · Netherlands · Norway · Poland · Portugal · Romania · Russia (Russian Empire · Soviet Union) · Serbia · Slovakia · Spain · Sweden · Switzerland · Ukraine · United Kingdom (Scotland · Wales) · Yugoslavia
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| Oceania |
Australia · Fiji · New Zealand
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Categories: Cinema of Lithuania |
